Copyright Tourism: Korean Companies Sue Guy From Australia For Copyright Infringement... In California
from the jurisdiction dept
In the past we've talked about the horrors of libel tourism -- mostly involving the UK. That's where a plaintiff living outside the UK sues a defendant also outside the UK for defamation... in the UK. The reasoning is that the UK's defamation laws are especially draconian and harsh on defendants. There have been efforts to change that and the US government was supposedly so offended by this practice that it passed the SPEECH Act a year and a half ago to make it clear that Americans wouldn't be subject to such libel tourism rulings.But is the US now becoming a home to copyright tourism lawsuits just as bad as the UK's libel tourism efforts?
Eric Goldman points us to a bizarre default judgment ruling out of a district court in Northern California involving a bunch of Korean entertainment companies suing a guy who lives in Australia. The Korean companies claim that the guy, Kenny Tran, infringed on their copyrights by distributing their works. As the court describes it:
Defendant uses his websites to disseminate to internet users content, in the form of both music and accompanying artwork, that has been unlawfully copied.... To listen to or download an infringing copy of a work, the user clicks on a link next to an image of the copyrighted album cover.... The user is then directed to a third-party website where the user may download the album that was uploaded onto the third-party website by Plaintiff.... Users are able to download unauthorized copies of the DFSB Plaintiffs' copyrighted material without Plaintiffs� permission.If the allegations are true, then it appears that Tran has, in fact, violated DFSB's copyrights. But the big issue that doesn't make any sense at all: why is this in a US court? Again, the plaintiffs are in South Korea. The defendant is in Australia. The music in question is Korean pop music. There's simply no reason that this is in a US court, and it seems like the court should have just tossed it out on jurisdiction issues. Instead, it goes forward and issues a default judgment against Tran, who, one would imagine, had no reason to travel from Australia to the US to deal with this.
So how does the court defend California as a reasonable jurisdiction? It seems to come down to the fact that Tran uses Facebook, Twitter and YouTube... and all three are California companies.
Moreover, it appears as though Defendant has specifically used several California companies to further his scheme of perpetrating illegal downloads. Tran uses California companies Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube to promote the websites he operates, and to allow users access to the pirated copies of the copyrighted music and artwork. Additionally, it appears as though Defendant uses a privacy service located in California to shield his identity.... In light of the nature of the websites run by Defendant, it appears that Defendant�s activities are expressly aimed at California.That seems like a very broad definition of targeting California, and it means that users of a ton of popular online services that can be used to break the law are now subject to California jurisdiction, no matter where they are in the world. That seems extremely questionable, and open to widespread abuse.
Separately, the court again goes a little wacky in arguing that Tran knew that his activities would "cause harm in California" because he's using California companies:
DFSB and the other plaintiffs, however, are not residents of California. Nonetheless, Defendant likely knew that his activities would cause harm in California. Tran relied on several California companies to further his scheme of providing copyrighted music to a world-wide audience of users. Additionally, given the evidence provided by Plaintiffs of the reach of Defendant�s activities, Tran likely knew that harm � in the form of distribution and download of copyright protected material � would be suffered in the forum state.I don't see how this makes any sense at all. If the "harm" was done to the copyright holders, what does it matter where Facebook, Twitter and YouTube are located. Tran wasn't targeting "harm" at any of those companies. The court also later claims that it's "not clear" if the plaintiffs could bring similar suits in South Korea or Australia. Why? Again, this simply makes no sense.
It seems like with a ruling like this, plenty of others could start dragging pretty much anyone who may infringe on their works to court in California. This seems ripe for serious "copyright tourism" cases. Separately, it raises questions about the claims from SOPA supporters that copyright holders can't go after "foreign" infringers. Apparently a district court in Northern California disagrees...
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Filed Under: australia, california, copyright, copyright tourism, kenny tran, korea
Companies: dfsb
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One question...
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What is a court without cases?
My question is, how do you enforce the ruling?
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Re: What is a court without cases?
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Re: Re: What is a court without cases?
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Naturally
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Re: Re: Re: What is a court without cases?
Medieval politicians in black robes.
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It's California
All Hail the Hollywood.... All Hail the Hollywood...
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It Is So Ordered
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Copyright
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Waste of Tax Dollars
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You see, I recently trademarked "thieving freetards" on Earth's Moon. This trademark applies across all celestial bodies known or unknown, from now until the end of time.
Expect to to be sued on the planet Mars, as that is where I expect to get the most favorable ruling.
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Re: What is a court without cases?
Was the defendant even properly notified? I'd say it would be very dificult to enforce this ruling based even on the lack of details on who the defendant is! A verdict has been reached, justice will be done... just as soon as we identify the defendant.
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So if they win how do they collect
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Are comments down or am I in the twilight zone?
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Re: So if they win how do they collect
Along with the chilling effects of anyone outside of the US wanting to use US services. So long Youtube, been nice knowing ya! (I don't get twitfaced)
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We screwed something up and deleted a bunch of comments. Working on it...
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Though it looks, I guess, that Northern California must need copyright infringement lawsuits in the same way East Texas needs patent violation lawsuits. Even trolls gotta have a home. Now we know the copyright trolls have a nice home amongst the redwoods in Northern California while patent trolls have one in the dust, tornadoes and hurricanes of East Texas!!
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Australia I can somewhat understand since there's the whole issue with iiNet, but South Korea? It's a regularly brought up example of how IP laws eliminated piracy by the IP ACs. The court makes absolutely no sense on that statement.
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Strangely a CA court has no jurisdiction whatsoever on any Australian in Civil proceedings like this unless that Australian then travels into a jurisdiction (within 5-7 yrs) where that court has Jurisdiction (and that most likely would ONLY be within State of CA and not whole of USA).. Even Korea would most likely be an ok place to fly to under just this order.
Why this Korean company chose to forum shop outside of where they should of is a good question and might be part of a wider case they are trying to make, maybe for finding out specifically via Facebook et.al the actual IP addy's that this respondent allegedly has used, or other identifiable info like address, email, etc supplied by respondent.
Though I for one never give American (or even AUST) Websites my real information, and even our govt advises citizens not too, unless I am purchasing product/services, and even then it goes to a PO Box. And for those that say. Oh that is unlawful it breaches TOS/EULAs etc.. Who cares, Australian privacy laws overrule TOS/EULAs , just ask Sony Microsoft etc about that... so sad.
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Judgement cannot be enforced in Australia
I still suspect they either wanted an easy judgement that they could show to Korean Media or similar, or did not do their legal due diligence first on whether a win would mean anything.. or both.
If they had gone to a UK court, Canadian Court, or even a Korean court (yes their own country) they would have been able to get any Australian court to enforce the order.
Interestingly they might be able to go to a Korean court to get it enforced first within Korea and then go to an Australian Court and then TRY to get it enforced under our "Foreign Judgments Act (1992)" Though that is very convoluted and would be highly unlikely to succeed, though who knows.
Also on a further note, I cannot find anything that shows Mr Trans address of service (not going to pay for US PACER access so might be in system somewhere) and nothing that shows in Australia that he has actually been served LEGALLY with papers either via an Authorised Private server or Court Appointed (which needs to be done under even the Hague Convention that Justice Ho waffles on about). It wouldn't surprise me that they have either served papers to the wrong address, or to the wrong person, or even have not served anything at all and just stated they have (seen that before).
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Re: One question...
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Please pay attention
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