US Postage Stamp Found To Be Infringing On Copyright Over Statues In US Korean War Memorial
from the so-much-wrong-with-this dept
Last year, we wrote about the appeal in a case involving a US postage stamp which was based on a photograph of the US's Korean War Memorial in Washington DC. You can see the sculpture and the stamp below:
The Federal Circuit has ruled on the appeal and stunningly decided that this isn't fair use, claiming that it's not, in fact, transformative. I'm somewhat amazed -- as is law professor Peter Friedman in the post linked here. The two works are quite clearly extremely different, but the court felt that since they both were designed to honor soldiers killed in the Korean War, it couldn't be seen as transformative. The fact that the photographer took hundreds of images before settling on this one apparently didn't matter. On top of that, the fact that the snow totally changes the character of the image was dismissed by the court as being just "nature's decision." Update: That "nature's decision" line was really bugging me, and Friedman has updated his post to show it's bugging him too, so I wanted to write a bit more. If "nature's decision" makes something non-copyrightable, then it can be argued that all nature photography is not covered by copyright -- which goes against pretty much every precedent out there. It's hard to see how CAFC can make this argument.
While there were other discussions over who actually owned the copyright (the government claimed it should jointly hold it, since it had a lot of input in the memorial) and whether or not the photograph should not be subject to the copyright on the sculptures because architectural works can't have their copyrights cover photographs of buildings (both courts noted that a sculpture is not an architectural work), there's a much bigger issue here: why the hell did the government ever agree to build a public memorial and not get all of the rights associated with the memorial? This omission seems like a stunning failure of the government in creating this memorial in the first place. We've seen plenty of similar cases, involving copyright lawsuits over public displays of artwork -- and they all seem equally ridiculous from a common sense viewpoint. If you're commissioning a public piece of artwork, shouldn't you also make sure you get all the rights associated with it? Leaving them with the artist, and then displaying the artwork in public creates a massive sense of confusion for pretty much everyone. Your average man on the street assumes it's legal to take photographs of public pieces of artwork and to then do what they want with them. It's hard to think of any public policy rationale that would explain why the opposite is true -- and yet, that appears where things stand.
Rulings like this should be quite scary for both amateur and professional photographers. If you photograph things that are covered by copyright, you may be infringing. It's yet another scenario of "accidental infringement" that clearly was never intended to be covered by copyright law.
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Filed Under: copyright, fair use, korean war memorial, postage stamps, usps
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Anyone else
Or perhaps any other photographer who took a picture before this photographer should get the compensation.
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Anyone else
Or perhaps any other photographer who took a picture before this photographer should get the compensation.
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Re: Anyone else
(It wasn't clear to me from this article, but it's more explicit in the original)
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"nature's decision"
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Thank you
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Definition
1.to change in form, appearance, or structure; metamorphose.
2.to change in condition, nature, or character; convert.
3.to change into another substance; transmute.
7.to undergo a change in form, appearance, or character; become transformed.
Related forms:
trans·form·a·tive, adjective
Seems pretty clear to me that to change from a sculpture to a photograph to a stamp meets the definition of changing in form, and that adding the snow meets the definition of changing in appearance. But I guess that common sense and plain language are not compatible with the law.
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Re: Definition
; P
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i might like this decision
Losing copyright protection on "outdoor nudes" photography is unfortunate because some of that is really beautiful. But in exchange, we've just gained a lot of clarification and put a long-awaited upper bounds on copyright maximalism. Who worries that an element of their photo may be infringing if anybody just walking by can see the same thing? That's just silly. Of course, now that we're discussing it, CAFC will realize the mistake they just made and will reverse their decision to appease the copyright expansionists.
Until then, this is a boon for photographers everywhere.
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Also when considering the commercial value of the work are we supposed to believe that it would potentially be sold to another government or a private collector rather than being maintained in perpetuity as a memorial?
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back to the drawing board?
Although, like other cases of plagiarism, I don't think it would be that much of an issue. Adams is a famous photographer with many well-known works. Attempting to pass them off as one's own would be readily found out and the liar would lose their reputation. A budding new photog, without copyright protection on their work or a reputation to bank on, might have to look into other business models while they build their rep. That can be done; they can bank on their expertise at wielding a camera instead of selling the prints. Get paid for capturing the scene; after that it's free copies just like in other content industries.
It isn't like their wouldn't be any more photographs either. I hardly think securing copyright protection was the inspiration that drove the great photographers of the 20th century.
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and isn't everything that is copyrighted by the gov automatically in the public domain?
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Simple question ...
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Re: Simple question ...
Then we should charge rent to the sculptor for running a money-making enterprise on our (the public's) property.
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If it's on public property it should automatically be in the public domain. Public property is not your personal storage facility to store your private property on. I'm sure www.publicstorage.com (or the Korean equivalent) would be more than glad to accommodate you.
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Hired and Paid
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Fair Use?
Second I paid for it and so did every tax paying American.
We own it not the artist. The use of the images of the Statue of Liberty, Iwo Jima Flag Raising, The Lincoln Memorial, and Mt. Rushmore have all been used as U.S. Postage Stamps and therefore set a precedent for usage of "PUBLIC Memorials" on U.S. Postage Stamps, not some group of nitwits that can only define life by what you CAN'T do.
The intent of the copyright laws is to keep "people and corporations" from making profit on an individuals private efforts. The Stamp in question has a value of 37 cents, as is the common price of a stamp. If the stamp was being sold for $10.00 each then you could assert that someone was making a profit. It will probably be 20 years before the value increases to that point if it ever does.
I suggest the artist grow up and get on with life. He had his 15 minutes of fame, further time in the "lime light" may prove to be his undoing and cause him to be scrutinized by the public and the press bringing about an end to his carrier because no one will buy his art.
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Re:
Not allowed, unfortunately. Need a license. It's copyright infringement in my country. I certainly couldn't sell copies of the final piece!
"I thought you were an artist, not a thief?!?"
Copyright sure protects the progress of the arts. Limited time, for sure. Artists shouldn't be using slices of their cultural life to communicate with others! Especially if it's over 50 years old! That's outrageous! What's next?
Artists are always trying to screw content-owning corporations of their rightful money.
Greedy artists.
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A slip of the tongue?
I believe this should read "If you're commissioning a public piece of artwork, shouldn't you also make sure the public gets all the rights associated with it?"
And by public, I mean this should automatically end up in the public domain. It shouldn't end up in the possession of the government, and it shouldn't end up in the possession of the benefactor.
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"..Copyright Over Statues In US Korean War Memorial"
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Amazon
The same photo is featured on the cover of Dog Company Six by Edwin Howard Simmons
see http://j.mp/b268JX
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