Case Study On How An Indie-Rock Composer Musician Makes Money
from the breaking-it-down dept
We've talked about the Future of Music Coalition's excellent Artist Revenue Streams project for a while now, and over the last few months they've been releasing more and more results from the project. At some point in the future I'll have to dig more into some of the earlier results, but I thought it was interesting that at SXSW they released some specific financial case studies on five (anonymous) musicians in particular, digging with great detail into how they make money. I found the "indie rock composer-performer" case study particularly interesting, given some of the regular debates around here.While this is just one performer, and clearly not a "representative sample" or even a composite sample of how such musicians make money, there's still plenty to be learned from the report. What comes across is that it certainly takes work, but an indie artist such as this guy has been able to increase both his earnings and his profit over the last four years. Of course, that doesn't mean that each of his multiple revenue streams was increasing, but that he was continually altering his approach to maximize his own revenue and net income. For example, after a few years of relying heavily on income from one band that he was in (and he's in a few), he's been able to successfully shift to being a solo artist. Of course, the revenue shift there is pretty clear. While he made a salary from the previous band, as a solo artist, a large chunk of his revenue now comes from live performances:
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Filed Under: business models, case studies, independent musicians, revenue streams
Companies: future of music coalition
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I noticed this guy has no money spent on recording for 2011, either he is not recording or he is doing it in his home.
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Did I step back into the '70s? This was how bands used to operate, and in my opinion the music produced in this manner is far superior to most modern music. Write some music, the whole band becomes proficient at it, figure out what works and what doesn't through audience reaction at live shows, and then into the studio where the musicians--who can now play these songs in their sleep--can knock out an album in around two weeks. Sometimes much less time. (It should be pointed out that it was the 'evil labels' who insisted on this much more effective and efficient method.)
If the band can actually play the songs together all the way through, then the production process is a snap, and much cheaper. If the band already "sounds like a record" when they're performing, then a good act can knock out 4 or 5 songs a day.
These days, usually one person takes several months to write the music in pieces, recording as they go along, then edits it all together (this can get extreme, I've seen vocalists who were so poor that every word in a single sentence has to be pieced together from different takes; not just pop stars, but indie types), then finds musicians to discern what parts from the record are reproducible, and then the band rehearses the songs. Notice that no one at this point has any idea how the songs will be received by the audience. IF the musicians are even capable of making it through a piece without f*cking up (and you'd be amazed at how many 'musicians' can not), the first time the songs will be performed as a whole is usually in front of the audience. I really hope they like it, because the record is already pressed!
It's kind of sad, really. I can't even remember the last time I heard a vocal that wasn't a comp (multiple takes edited together). If you can't bother to learn to sing, I see absolutely no reason why anyone should bother to listen to you. If you can't perform, I don't see why anyone should come to your show.
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It's tough
In the middle ages, bards were revered and supported by the communities they served. This has not changed. We all need to be willing to give back something for the joy and wisdom they bring us!
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Re: It's tough
Making a living at what you love will always be a tough road because so many others want to do the same.
To be successful you need to be a little bit special - and the best way you can do that is by being a great human being. The professional musicians that I know personally are all really great human beings and that is why I will go out of my way to support them whenever I can!
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HADOPI the failure, piracy is down 66% along with revenues of -3%.
Looks like people who pirated also stop consuming it LoL
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However, merchandise is one of those areas that is probably the most fickle, and the most likely to be subject to market exhaustion. Basically, we only have so much space for t-shirts, knick-knacks, and take homes from shows. At some point, the market for all of this stuff is likely to go stale, as too many people will be offering too much stuff all of the time.
It paints a bit of a gloomy picture really - if the recording side income disappears or shrinks anymore, these artists will find themselves working a grindstone existence on the live side, where the net appears to be very small.
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Recording and composing only ever made money for a tiny minority.
Touring has always been mostly a bit hand to mouth for most - but fortunes were made that way before rcording existed - eg Paganini and Lizt - and why should anyone complain if they make a living from doing something they love.
The base load income for the vast majority of professional musicians has always been, and will always be teaching - which you ignore completely.
(btw your sense of entitlement is breathtaking!)
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Only if you cherry pick those 2 figures and combine them while ignoring other data so that you can lie again. The actual figures on the report show 30.5% for live gigs, 29.7% salary (performances with bands), 21.1 composing and 15.8% recording (I couldn't see actual figures for merch sales). While there's no separate figures for each year, it's clear from the graph that live income has grown massively in recent years. The report even says "Most of his income is tied to live performance – either through salary for actively touring bands, his own shows as a solo artist, or CDs sold at live shows.".
If you want to make a point, try not basing it on blatant lies are disproven in the very article you're commenting on.
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I don't know, it's as plain as day. Are you denying what is right there in the chart?
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Just like the rest of us then....
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pushing? - seriously?
I find it amazing that the presentation of facts is seen by some as pushing an agenda.
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This post is a presentation of facts (albeit that there is still attempts to mis-represent them). But the overall push of Techdirt over the years has been that artists shouldn't bother with the time consuming, high effort process of writing and recording new songs, they should just go out there and do what musicians are "support to do", perform.
Some comments have suggested in the past that perhaps it's time to return to the era of kept pets (benefactors) or the era of kings (with musicians as wandering mistrals). Almost every solution proposed by Techdirt for the music industry is "sell the scarce", like scarce performances, etc - things that get sold at shows and the like.
Yet, the numbers show that, when this indie rocker in fact went truly indie and did it himself, his touring expenses were about the same as his touring income. Only the merch sales seem positive. He made as much his money doing exactly what the new models say you aren't suppose to do, writing, recording, and so on.
It doesn't add up to a new model that looks very sustainable.
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Let's assume for a moment that your assessment of this one data point is correct, do you then imply that it is applicable universally? This is indeed an incorrect conclusion.
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Well, that proves it then - right?
"half-baked- exactly what the authors are always accusing others of"
Examples would strengthen your argument, possibly you have some to share.
"A lot of the ideas here are half-baked" ... a lot of criticism but no workable solutions"
So - I guess you are saying that if one lacks a "workable" solution, one should just keep quiet. Which fallacy would this be ... Perfect Solution Fallacy, False Dichotomy, No True Scotsman, or some other fallacy, suggestions please.
Whether a solution is presented, workable or not, does not affect the validity of the criticism nor the point of contention in any way. Or putting it differently - claiming a point to be invalid because there is no solution or the solution does not meet your standards is a fallacy.
"and it leaves me feeling cynical, like the whole blog is an attempt to justify theft."
And here we have another fine example of logic fail.
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Yeah, the fact that we're pointing out that you're driving toward a cliff is invalid because we haven't suggested an alternative route you like...
"it leaves me feeling cynical, like the whole blog is an attempt to justify theft."
Which is utter bullshit, of course, but you can feel whatever you want.
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Keneally perhaps?
And notably, per the TechDirt model, he does living-room concerts for fans, sells product directly with regular deals, and his recording policy is: feel free to record and shoot shows and share them -- just send him a copy.
I've been wondering why Keneally hasn't shown up in these pages. He's the epitome of the CwF + RtB model.
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More case studies
1. touring costs money. Duh, but there's often a big difference between gross and net. Bands can be making five figures a night, but if they haven't got their costs under control, then the net is in danger.
2. touring expenses are not scalable. Essentially, the more shows you play, the more money you earn, but also the more money you spend (unless you set up a residency somewhere).
3. touring and live performance require constant output. Commenters above got it right -- to make money as a live performer, you have to play shows. Stop playing shows, and the cash flow stops as well.
This makes touring unique, but also very different from income earned from sound recordings, compositions, or brand which can continue to earn money over time. And, as a commenter mentioned, there's teaching and other income-earning activities based on their knowledge of the craft. We have data about these revenue streams as well.
As mentioned in the article, this case study is just one component of the Artist Revenue Streams project. For readers who are interested, there are a lot more charts for this case study, as well as four others: a jazz bandleader, a jazz sideman, a chamber music ensemble, and a professional orchestra player. Access any of these, plus an executive summary, here:
http://money.futureofmusic.org/case-studies/
The financial case studies are one of three data collection methods that we've been employing as part of the Artist Revenue Streams project. We've also conducted 80 interviews, and we ran an online survey that was completed by over 5,000 US-based musicians and composers.
More published stuff here, with additional reports forthcoming.
http://money.futureofmusic.org/findings/
If you're a musician or composer who would like your own financials to be considered for our next batch of case studies, fill out this intake form here. We can't guarantee we'll get to it but we are always seeking additional participants: https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/ARSinterviewcandidates
Thanks for your interest --
Kristin Thomson
co-director, Artist Revenue Streams project
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Re: More case studies
It's very easy to end up with your expenses eating your revenues these days, especially if your gigs are further apart (more gas and other expenses) or if you aren't getting enough density in your shows (playing 2 or 3 nights a week instead of 4 or 5 night... you are still paying 7 days worth of expenses).
Touring isn't the solution for everything. It's a part of the business with the most gross money, but not always the highest net cash. The indie musician in the profile was doing better financially touring with someone else (and getting a salary) for at least part of the year, than he is working alone. But the satisfaction of leading your own projects is likely part of the deal as well.
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Fuel costs rising again
Now that gas is going back up to $4 a gallon, and this time shows no likelihood of coming back down below $3, I expect that touring costs will again be a challenge for most musicians.
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Ah $4 a gallon - the good old cheap fuel of yesterday (viewed from the UK - where prices are currently: over 8 of your dollars for one of your gallons)
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I know. Fuel prices here have been too low for too long, not encouraging us to be more frugal. I live in Colorado, which has some of the better fuel prices in the US, but touring from here is hard because once you go beyond about an hour from Denver, you've got to drive hundreds of miles to get to another major town to play. Denver is pretty much a day's drive from the next major stop (e.g., Salt Lake, Omaha) on a tour.
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I know bands that use biodiesel for their buses/vans, but I am not seeing as much news about them now, perhaps because it's getting more expensive to get that too. The price has gone up enough that people are stealing grease from restaurants.
My own solution is not to drive more than I must. My world is pretty much within a few miles of my condo (but this being Boulder, it's a great world to be in).
I've been reading that more and more young adults aren't buying cars. They don't see owning a car as a necessity. They get by on public transportation, bikes, and car rental/sharing.
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? Don't understand you - where I am the most efficent cars are diesels (by a big margin)
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2011 vehicles with the best fuel-efficiency ratings
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2012 Diesel Cars in USA: Here’s the Lineup: The good news is that many of the world’s manufacturers make great diesel products. The bad news is that lack of domestic demand and tightening budgets mean that few have been certified for sale in the U.S.
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I get 62+mpg from my diesel - more than makes up for the difference in pump price.
(It's not even the latest "most efficient" version - which is I believe 10% better)
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Well, thanks for reminding me about the value of diesels. As I said, when the VW Rabbit diesel became available in the US (maybe 30 years ago), my husband and I wanted one enough to fly from Denver to Chicago to buy one from a dealer there. And then after that, we bought a string of used Mercedes diesels. But then we switched car brands and I haven't had a diesel since. My current car is 15 years old and I don't plan to ditch it until it doesn't run anymore. To save on fuel costs, I just don't drive more than I have to.
Boulder is environmentally conscious and I see quite a few Priuses here. And we have a Tesla dealership here. But I never see any diesel cars here anymore (there could be some converted cars, but I wouldn't recognize them). There are still quite a few local gas stations that have diesel pumps, but I'm not sure who is using them right now.
As I mentioned, I know of several bands that have toured in biodiesel buses, but I haven't heard much about them lately. It was a story that got more coverage a few years ago.
Anything that reduces fossil fuel consumption is a good thing, whether it is a more efficient vehicle or driving fewer miles.
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I have a point of contention with that study because it's misleading. For one thing, it measures touring expenses against touring income but fails to take into account how much merch and albums are sold as a direct result, i.e. purchased at live venues. I'm betting a healthy portion. The study is somewhat misleading in its presentation.
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I have a good friend who does that. She's played across the country, but she has three kids now and finds that it's far more economically efficient to stay within Colorado and the neighboring states. So she plays about 100 gigs a year close at home (pre-kids she played about 200 gigs a year and had a gross income in the six figures).
However, I have found that being regional tends to work against your image in the local press. You can be one of the most successful local musicians, but if you aren't touring, the press tends to write you off as "local" and therefore not buzzworthy.
That's changing, though, because we now have an explosion of local talent who can't tour because they have day jobs and/or don't have the money for it. So now you're less likely to be dismissed by the local press if you only play local gigs.
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I have a good friend who does that. She's played across the country, but she has three kids now and finds that it's far more economically efficient to stay within Colorado and the neighboring states. So she plays about 100 gigs a year close at home (pre-kids she played about 200 gigs a year and had a gross income in the six figures)."
That's a good example of a hard-working artist on the local level.
"However, I have found that being regional tends to work against your image in the local press. You can be one of the most successful local musicians, but if you aren't touring, the press tends to write you off as 'local' and therefore not buzzworthy.
That's changing, though, because we now have an explosion of local talent who can't tour because they have day jobs and/or don't have the money for it. So now you're less likely to be dismissed by the local press if you only play local gigs."
I wouldn't put too much weight in press coverage. Nowadays, most people bypass media intervention and connect with the artists directly online. Which would you rather do, allow some random critic in the press to dictate what's good and what isn't or listen to the music firsthand and make up your own mind?
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If you work hard enough AND are talented and intelligent enough, you WILL be successful AND you WILL make money.
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That sounds good, but there are still things beyond one's control that can affect the outcome. For example, if you are a poor woman in some countries, hard work, talent, and intelligence may not be enough.
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yeah
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The chart that this entry is based on is stupid. It doesn't have any actual numbers on it so we don't know if the guy spent $50 and earned $75 or spend $50000 and earned $750000. Either way you can bet that he doesn't have a real life like a person with a normal job. I doubt he owns a home, supports a family, or has any real potential of looking forward to those things in his future.
Tell yourself whatever you want about how you should be able to listen to whatever you want without compensating the creators. But don't kid yourself into thinking we're getting rich. It's a joke.
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Trotting out the ol' "you damn kids just want listen to free music" line is great, but you can't just say those numbers are wrong without offering up something else.
Tell us about your music career, Phil.
Tell us how you own a home, support a family and have potential to look forward to things like that (or better!) in the future.
Try to be a bit better then a lobbyist.
We would all love to see some facts.
Oh! have you applied to give data for a case study?
Have you done anything useful, at any point?
Are you anything but an unsubstantiated voice of negativity?
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Many of them claiming to be musicians...
"It doesn't have any actual numbers on it"
Complain to the people who performed the study. If you click on to the original source linked in the article, you would see the words "Graphs do not have a Y-axis dollar value in order to observe the conditions of our privacy policy.". You would also see that he derives 100% of his income from his musical career and has been working as a professional musician since 1999.
He may not be getting rich, but he's also not making $50 a year.
"I doubt he owns a home, supports a family, or has any real potential of looking forward to those things in his future."
I think he does, based on the same evidence you have. Pulling assumptions out of your rear end doesn't make them true.
"Either way you can bet that he doesn't have a real life like a person with a normal job."
So? Nobody forces him to have his chosen career if he doesn't like it.
"But don't kid yourself into thinking we're getting rich."
Can you point out where anybody has suggested this, or is this just one of the strawmen so beloved by people who claim to be "musicians" here (without ever mentioning their name or linking to their music, of course...).
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I'd like to assess the quality of your work first-hand.
"Tell yourself whatever you want about how you should be able to listen to whatever you want without compensating the creators. But don't kid yourself into thinking we're getting rich. It's a joke."
That's quite the presumptuous statement. I for one don't download paywalled albums -- consequently, I also don't purchase them. I'm all through with the antiquated business model of the past century. As far as "getting rich" is concerned, that's not what creating music is all about, unless of course you're a major label. What do you think, that you hit the record button and the money just pours in? For the record, there are some extremely successful indie musicians out there. Many freely share their music online. Hard to believe, I know, but it's true.
Once again, I'd like to assess the quality of your work, even if just one song, to determine whether or not it's something people should be supporting with their wallets.
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Prove it, asshole. No, a one time event at Google still doesn't count.
"mostly terribly untalented white canadian rappers"
Yeah, that's right... nobody else objects, certainly not just the very customers you idiots are chasing away?
"this blowhard charges 20k for a speaking engagement."
Awww, jealous?
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1) in the pay of the steal from the artists tech industry
2) the rest of them are angry untalented musicians
3) mostly terribly untalented white canadian rappers
Nice list of stereotypes there, you forgot pimple faced hot pocket eating dork living in mother's basement. Oh well you still would've been wrong.
btw ... shameless plug - is that all you've got?
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This indie artist netted less than 34 k before taxes.
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You Want to Play Song.
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