Why Trader Joe's Suing Pirate Joe's May Be Bad News For Ownership
from the secondary-markets-are-important dept
If you live near a Trader Joe's, you're probably well aware of the cult-like following these stores have. Hell, I'll admit that probably 50% of the stuff in our pantry comes from Trader Joe's and I could probably drive to either of the two near my house (we're almost exactly halfway between them) blindfolded. But now it looks like Trader Joe's is being something of a trademark bully, suing the interestingly named "Pirate Joe's" store in Vancouver, British Columbia. There are no Trader Joe's stores in Canada, and entrepreneur Michael Hallatt realized that this was a market opportunity. He regularly drives across the border, fills up his panel truck with goodies from Trader Joe's in the US, drives back across the border and sells it at a decent markup in his shop. He suggests he's spent somewhere around $350,000 at Trader Joe's over the past two years, making him one of their best customers (and possibly their best overall customer). And they sued him, claiming trademark infringement.Now, some are reacting emotionally to this, like Laura Heller from Forbes, who comes down on the side of Trader Joe's, but mainly because it's an emotional reaction. For example, part of the reason why she supports Trader Joe's is because of this:
And finally, there’s the problem of pirated goods in general. Luxury brands regularly police pirated goods and employ legal tactics to stem the tide of faux or illegally obtained goods. Comparing cookie butter to Louis Vuitton may seem silly, but it’s the company’s currency and carries value in the marketplace.Except these aren't pirated goods. They're not counterfeits. They're legally purchased and resold. And that's legal. When you buy something, it means you own it, and you're supposed to be able to resell it on the secondary market. That's actually a rather important part of our economy.
Thankfully, it appears that many legal experts have been pointing out that Trader Joe's has no case. The SF Gate article linked above quotes a trademark lawyer who doesn't see much of a case for TJs:
"I don't think Trader Joe's really has a chance, suing here in the U.S.," said lawyer Greg Owen, a trademark, copyright and unfair competition expert with Owen, Wickersham & Erickson, an intellectual property firm in San Francisco.Similarly, lawyer William Peacock, writing over at Findlaw explains why TJs has little chance of succeeding based on both venue (suing in the US) and the fact that you can resell what you've purchased. But, Peacock, like Owen, wonders why TJs would ever go after such a good customer:
If Trader Joe's had sued in Canada, or if Pirate Joe's were operating in the United States, the claim might be more viable, said Owen, who reviewed the lawsuit and motion to dismiss. He added, however, that the first-sale doctrine, which Hallatt is fond of citing and which lets people resell what they've bought, is more nebulous when perishable items are involved.
"On the flip side, Trader Joe's is certainly benefiting from Hallatt purchasing the products," Owen said. "They're making money off him."
The case presents a number of interesting questions, but here is the most important one: what is Trader Joe's problem? Hallatt buys their products at retail cost and sells them in a market that they haven't yet entered. They benefit financially from the arrangement. And if they do expand across the border, their normal retail prices, which are lower than his re-retail prices, would drive him out of business in a Vancouver minute.Finally, law professors Kal Raustiala and Chris Sprigman, over at Freakonomics, have pointed out not just how ridiculous this lawsuit is, but how it could have a real impact on personal freedoms in terms of private property and the right to resell what you've purchased:
If TJ’s has the right to stop PJ’s from reselling their products, then any trademark owner might assert a similar right. Ford could sue Carmax for reselling Fords. Prince (the sports gear company, not the musician) could sue Play It Again Sports for reselling Prince tennis racquets. And if this were true, a trademark law that is aimed at preventing consumer confusion will be preventing something else entirely – competition.Frankly, it's a ridiculous lawsuit on all sorts of levels, and one hopes that the court recognizes the legal arguments, rather than the half-baked emotional ones. Trademark law is supposed to be about preventing consumer confusion, but there isn't any here. Pirate Joe's (amusingly changed to Irate Joe's after the lawsuit started) isn't trying to fool or confuse anyone. They're totally upfront about the situation. There's a demand in the Vancouver market, and Trader Joe's isn't serving it. So, Hallatt's got a truck and he's willing to use it to help both Trader Joe's sell more, and the people of Vancouver get Trader Joe's goods. Where's the problem?
Some have argued about the potential "health and safety" aspect, but it sounds like Hallatt mostly avoids perishables or heavily regulated products like alcohol (sorry, no Two Buck Chuck). And, as Raustiala and Sprigman note, local regulators can handle any health and safety regulations. Trader Joe's, in its filings, really tries to bend over backwards to claim some sort of sales "harm." It argues that people from Canada travel down to stores in the US to buy their products, but that's meaningless since Hallatt is doing the same thing, and opening them up to a wider market by including those who aren't willing to make the trip. TJ's response is that other shoppers who travel across the border are likely to buy more at TJs because (1) they have more selection and (2) they traveled across the border, so of course they'll buy more. No joke:
Furthermore, it is reasonable to infer that a Canadian customer making the trip to the United States is likely to make a bigger purchase of goods to make the trip worthwhile.Under that argument, TJ's should make sure to put all of its stores as far away from where people live as possible. After all, don't they want the few people who make the trip to buy more to make it "worthwhile." Sometimes the arguments that lawyers come up with baffle me.
TJs also argues that if people have a bad experience with the food from Pirate Joe's they may blame Trader Joe's, but that seems unlikely and highly speculative on multiple levels. The products are still the same, they're just being sold on the other side of the border.
Anyway, you can read some of the back and forth in the legal filings we've pasted below. The biggest legal issue they're fighting over right now is the jurisdiction issue which (as mentioned above) also seems to favor Pirate Joe's pretty strongly. Suing in the US makes almost no sense, and the hoops that TJs has to jump through to make it work seem like a huge stretch. But, in the end, as everyone else is asking, this seems like a really dumb lawsuit on multiple levels, and if it somehow comes out in TJ's favor, in the long run, everyone loses out.
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Filed Under: canada, first sale, michael hallatt, ownership, private property, property rights, reselling, trademark, us
Companies: pirate joe's, trader joe's
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more of a problem with trademark law
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Re: more of a problem with trademark law
There is a clear distiction between the two, and he is open about what is going on. The only way for Pirate Joe's to become synonymous with Trader Joe's is for Pirate Joe's to expand and then it is only a problem if and when Trader Joe's attempts to enter the Canadian market, because until then, no consumer confusion CAN exist. Remember, he is actively admitting that he is not a licenced branch of the Trader Joe's name. In fact, the name suggests it.
Finally, if they wanted to preserve their trademark, they should be suing in Canada. Because the "Pirate Joe's" name is in use in CANADA, a US-based court can not remedy the situation. They aren't looking to protect their mark, they are looking for a defaul judgement so they can claim they have the moral high ground, or try to push the decision on the Canadian courts, which have been far less supportive of Trademark and Patent Lawsuits.
Also, Several legal scholars have pointed out there is NO CASE. Suggesting the use it or lose it doctrine does not apply
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Re: more of a problem with trademark law
The 'products or services' could be confused (in the eye of the consumer). So yes, if they have registered in Canada (or treaties allow), they must litigate.
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Re: Re: more of a problem with trademark law
The only thing Pirate Joe's does in the US is buy the stuff, at full retail. That is clearly not trademark infringement. If people are confused, they are Canadian people. The lawsuit should be filed in Canada.
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Re: Re: Re: more of a problem with trademark law
Obviously, that's not the case.
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Re: Re: more of a problem with trademark law
..and the aspect of how the names are fucking different!
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Re: Re: more of a problem with trademark law
If there is was both a Trademark registration of "Trader Joe's" in Canada and the organisation were using it FULLY in trade at the time then yes there is a case, but otherwise there is none whatsoever and in fact "Pirate Joe" might have a case under a few Canadian torts against "Trader Joe". False and misleading statements to name one actionable situation.
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Re: more of a problem with trademark law
Sheees
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10+ hours one way for the closest one...
No thanks.
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I'm also lucky to live 11 minutes away from a Micro Center; the next-closest one is three HOURS away.
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Should have used Customs to do it subtle-like.
By the way, Mike: have you ever noticed how often the people and corporations you like become stories here by betraying your notions? You're either remarkably bad at picking, or don't grasp that corporations are amoral.
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Re: Should have used Customs to do it subtle-like.
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Re: Re: Should have used Customs to do it subtle-like.
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Re: Should have used Customs to do it subtle-like.
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Re: Should have used Customs to do it subtle-like.
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so under what rock have you been living for the last however many years?
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preventing a cutback
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It's about consumer confusion
The strongest argument against TJ's isn't that confusion is unlikely - confusion is clearly a possibility in this cast - it's that the case should be decided by a BC court instead of a Washington one. But those arguments aren't the same ones Mike seems to be asserting, and they don't mean that TJ's "has no case."
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Re: It's about consumer confusion
I'm certainly no fan of trademark bullies, but this is almost EXACTLY the sort of case trademark law is actually useful for.
Similar name, chosen specifically to evoke the good reputation of the larger company.
If somebody were to have a bad experience, or get sick from poor quality control (expired goods), it poses a risk of coming back on TJs.
Obviously the venue is a problem, and this could be handled more simply by refusing to sell to the guy, but brand confusion is the whole point of TM.
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Re: It's about consumer confusion
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Hmm.
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Re: Re: Re: It's about consumer confusion
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Re: Re: Re: It's about consumer confusion
Maybe they should take to some Canadian Solicitors and/or Barristers to teach them the way the world works when it comes to marks of trade
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Re: It's about consumer confusion
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Re: It's about consumer confusion
What consumers are being confused? Certainly not the American consumers that the Trademark of "Trader Joe's" is SOLELY concerned with since "Pirate Joe" does not sell to US consumers within the jurisdiction of the USA.
Instead Trader JOe is trying to confuse consumers within the USA and Canada that they somehow have worldwide rights to the mark which unless it's registered SEPARATELY in all countries they don't.
Apple found this out with iPod, iView, and a fair few companies find this out the hard way too.. Why just recently Microsoft themselves hve had to rename the SkyDrive because they were too stupid to search the name in all places they were trying to sell into.
Trademarks are specifically jurisdictional ONLY! They are NOT the same as Copyrights nor patents either.
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Re: It's about consumer confusion
I don't see how they even remotely have a case -- even if he chose to call his store "Trader Joe's" outright, I don't see how they'd have a case.
His store is not in the US. The TJ trademark is a US trademark. Thus, no case.
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here is an idea...
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Re: here is an idea...
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Re: here is an idea...
TJ might of bit themselves in the foot here if they ever wanted to start operations in Canada.
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Is there a cite to this?
If 'Trader Joes' can exist in the same region as 'Farmer Joes', I don't see how 'Pirate Joe' can create any confusion. The standard is 'reasonable person', not 'easily confused (it's my job) lawyer'.
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You best believe 'Farmer Joe's' is on the list, and will soon be getting a cease and desist letter.
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But if Pirate Joe's sells produce that is salmonella-tainted that someone can mistake for Trader Joe's produce, that would be a legal problem for Pirate Joe's.
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Streisand Effect
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Re: Streisand Effect
My sister lives in Vancouver and I had no idea there was a "Pirate Joe's" there, UNTIL NOW!
They will get my business when I visit and my sister's biz as well.
Thanks you Traders, I appreciate you're great gorilla marketing through stupidity...
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Another example....
What makes this even more absurd is that everyone is benefiting from the current voluntary arrangement.
I prefer consensual relationships and voluntary exchange.
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Perhaps TJ's lack of a presence in Canada means their Trademark is unenforceable there, but I think they still have very valid reasons to fear brand confusion.
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Of course the lawyers didn't mention Streisand Effect
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Re: Of course the lawyers didn't mention Streisand Effect
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If Trader Joe's is not registered in Canada then to bad. Priate Joe's should by-pass his trips to the US and go directly to the Trader Joe's supplies to get a better price. Most likely Trader Joe's just buy it off some overseas manufacture and Pirate Joe's could do the same. Then roll head a few years in the Canadian market when Trader Joe's wants to enter the Canadian market and Pirate Joe's can SUE them.
Unless Trader Joe's is a registered business in Canada then they have no authority.
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All about the Billable Hours
Why, convince a client on a nice retainer to engage in a bad lawsuit! Trademarks! Copyrights! Patents! Use them or lose them!
Don't worry client, we'll put our top Patent partner on your Trademark case, and we'll make sure he teams up with one of our Of Counsel lawyers because we make higher margins on those than on our associates!
And we know a local law firm who is willing to be local counsel on just about ANYTHING we file! Yarmuth Wilsdon, trial lawyers!
The problem here is the lawyers involved forgot the "counselor" portion of their job and went straight for the "attorney" bit.
This is poor service to their clients—they should have seen this coming.
It's easy to imply this is all about the money. It's not—these lawyers aren't trying to shake down their clients. At least I don't think they are.
However, their billable hour requirements, and their billable hour process, can lead to shortchanging solutions which may serve the client better in favor of litigation.
And, yea, they are so wrong on the law. But hey, what's a little shakedown between businesses?
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Re: All about the Billable Hours
:)
The interesting thing is if you don't use your Trademark in trade (ie: Commercially sell using that mark where the trademark is registered) you actually can, and should, lose that mark.
Strangely O'Melveney & Myers LLP haven't probably mentioned that factoid to there clients if they are stating they have a TM registered in Canada and that if they haven't used it (seems they haven't.. if they have one at all) then so sad... loss of Tm is basically a given now.
Gotta love US attorneys who try to apply US laws to other sovereign states *eyeroll*
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Tables of authorities, lol
"Look here, now, we're a big law firm! Roar! See our table of authorities and weep!"
Oh man, lol.
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Re: Tables of authorities, lol
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Retreat Deeper into Canada
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Why make a pirate irate?
"Will Trader Joe's ever come to Canada?" is one of the most common questions I get. If they did cross the border, it's likely that the Lower Mainland of BC (where Pirate Joe's is) would be the first beachhead. So in one sense, I understand their desire to protect their trademark up there, even though they don't operate there. That said, few legal experts seem to feel that this suit will be the thing that drives Pirate Joe out of business.
Knowing the company as I do, I don't think this is as much about trademark infringement as it is about sheer pique. Underneath the laid- (or should I say 'lei-d'?) back image, there's a control-freak style to the current senior management.
If the company's senior management philosophy was true to the public perception of the brand, they would have contacted Pirate Joe and said, "OK. Here's the deal: We'll sell to you out of our Bellingham store as long as you promise to limit yourself to your one current store, and agree to immediately close your store as soon as we open a store anywhere in British Columbia. Then, we'll make you our first Canadian store manager."
Why make an enemy of a guy who is, effectively, softening the beachhead for the brand's eventual expansion north?
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Re: Why make a pirate irate?
That would be a terrible deal for PJ's. TJ's offering it would hardly make them look like good guys.
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It's for his own good!
;)
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This lawsuit is particularly laughable when...
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Lawsuit tactic by big business
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Trader Joe's is a Bully
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